• A Current Student
  • A Faculty / Staff
  • An Alumnus / Alumna
  • A Parent/Family Member
  • Apply
  • Visit
  • Give
  • News
  • Skip to primary navigation
  • Skip to main content
  • Majors and Programs
    • Accelerated Law Programs, BA to JD
    • Accounting Major
    • Acting Major
    • Actuarial Science Major
    • Agribusiness Minor
    • Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), Online MEd
    • Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), Online Graduate Certificate
    • Applied Behavior Analysis Early Entry Master’s Program
    • Art Education, PK-12 Certification
    • Art Major
    • Art Education, MEd
    • Art History Major
    • Arts Entrepreneurship and Curatorial Studies Minor
    • Art Therapy Major
    • Autism, Online Graduate Certificate
    • Bioinformatics Minor
    • Biology Education Certification
    • Peace Corps Prep Certificate
    • Biology Major
    • Business Administration Major
    • Chemistry Education Certification
    • Chemistry Major
    • Cinema Studies Minor
    • Computing Technology Major
    • Counseling, MAC
    • Child and Family Therapy Concentration and Certificate
    • Trauma Concentration and Certificate
    • Counseling, MA and Public Health, MPH 
    • Computer Science Major
    • Creative Writing, MFA
    • Criminology and Criminal Justice Major
    • Cultural Anthropology Major
    • Data Analytics Minor
    • Data Science Major
    • Physical Therapy, DPT Hybrid
    • Dual Degree Master’s Program: Creative Writing and English
    • Early Childhood Education, MEd
    • Economics Minor
    • Early Entry Education Master’s Program
    • Education Minor
    • Education Studies Major
    • Educational Leadership Certificate
    • Educational Leadership, EdD
    • Educational Leadership, MEd
    • Engineering, Combined Program
    • English Education Certification
    • English Education, MAEd
    • English Major
    • English, MA
    • ESL Program Certificate
    • ESL Program Specialist PK-12 Certification
    • Forensic Investigations Minor
    • Forensic Science, MS
    • French and Francophone Studies Major
    • Gender and Sexuality Studies Minor
    • General Science Education Certification
    • Global Media Major
    • Healthcare Administration Major
    • Healthcare Management and Leadership Certificate
    • History Education, MAEd
    • History Major
    • Infant Toddler Mental Health, Online Graduate Certificate
    • International Business and Culture Major
    • International Studies Major
    • International Peace and Conflict Resolution, MA and International Relations and Diplomacy, MA
    • Italian Cultural Studies Major
    • Jewish Studies Minor
    • Law and Public Policy Minor
    • Literacy Instruction Certificate
    • Literacy Studies: TESOL and Reading, MEd
    • Marketing Minor
    • International Peace and Conflict Resolution, MA
    • Counseling, MA and International Peace and Conflict Resolution, MA
    • Master of Public Health
    • International Peace and Conflict Resolution, MA and Public Health, MPH
    • Public Health, MPH and Physician Assistant, MMS
    • Physical Therapy, DPT and Public Health, MPH
    • Mathematics Education Certification
    • Mathematics Major
    • Media and Communication Major
    • Modular Master’s in Education
    • Music Minor
    • Neuroscience Minor
    • Orthopaedic Residency and Musculoskeletal Certificate
    • PA Director Credential
    • Pan African Studies Minor
    • Movement Science, PhD
    • Pharmacy, Combined Program
    • Philosophy Major
    • Physical Therapy DPT On-Campus
    • Physician Assistant, MMS
    • Physics Minor
    • Politics, Government, and Law Major
    • Pre-Forensic Science
    • Pre-International Peace and Conflict Resolution
    • PreK-4 Education Certification
    • PreK-4 Education Major: Online Program
    • PreK-4 Education Major
    • Pre-Medical
    • Pre-Nursing
    • Pre-Physician Assistant
    • Pre-Physical Therapy
    • Pre-Physical Therapy Accelerated
    • Principal PK-12 Certification
    • Psychology Major
    • Public Health Major
    • Health Professions Post-Baccalaureate Certificate
    • Reading Specialist, PK-12 Certification
    • Reading Education, MEd
    • Religious Studies Minor
    • Scientific Illustration Major
    • Secondary Education, MEd
    • Social Studies Education Certification
    • Spanish Cultural Studies Major
    • Spanish Major
    • Equity, Inclusion and Opportunity in Special Education, MEd
    • Special Education PK-12 Certification
    • TEFL: Teaching English Abroad
    • Sport Management Major
    • STEM Education Certificate
    • Optometry, Combined Program
    • Sciences Post-Baccalaureate Certificate
    • Pre-Occupational Therapy
    • International Relations and Diplomacy, MA
    • Endorsement in STEM
    • Integrative STEM Education, MEd
    • Studio Art Major
    • Sociology Major
    • Sports Physical Therapy Residency
    • Statistics Minor
    • Supervisor of Curriculum and Instruction Certification
    • Superintendent’s Letter of Eligibility Certification
    • Supervisor of Pupil Personnel Services Certification
    • Supervisor of Special Education Certification
    • Teacher Certification Programs for Non-Education Majors
    • Theater Arts Major
    • Physical Therapy, Transitional DPT
    • World Cinema Minor
    • Undeclared Major
  • Academics
    • Colleges and Schools
    • Teaching and Learning
    • Resources
    • Undergraduate Advising
    • Career Education
    • Landman Library
    • Summer Sessions
  • Admissions
    • Undergraduate Admissions
    • Graduate Admissions
    • Visit, Events, and Tours
    • Tuition and Financing
    • Admitted Students
  • HomeArcadia University Logo
  • Life at Arcadia
    • Get Involved
    • Athletics and Recreation
    • Living and Commuting
    • Diversity and Inclusion
    • Campus Life Resources
    • New Student Experience
    • Because Arcadia Blog
  • Study Abroad
    • Study Abroad
    • Decades in Study Abroad
    • Preview the World
    • Students from Another University
  • About Arcadia
    • Arcadia Advantage
    • History
    • Leadership
    • Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion
    • Rankings and Outcomes
    • Community and Local Connections
    • Campus Map and Directions
    • Offices, Facilities, and Services
    • Healthy Knights

News Research Guide

Home / Academics / Landman Library / Guides / Research / News Research Guide
Home / Academics / Landman Library / Guides / Research / News Research Guide

Understanding news research will simplify your process and make your work more well-rounded. Click on any of the News Research topics below to learn more.

News Research Guide
Journalistic Integrity
Different Types of News Items
Identifying Bias in News
Distinguishing Fact from Opinion on TV News
Some Strategies to Verify Information Online
The Filter Bubble and Algorithmic Bias


News Research Guide

About Finding News Sources

In addition to web search platforms like Google, you can also find news sources using library's resources. Some advantages include:

  • The library provides access to subscription resources, helping you get around paywalls
  • News outlets included in the library's resources generally adhere to journalistic integrity standards addressed below.
  • The library's resources include advanced search options not available in Google
  • While Google prioritizes news items based on your search history, library resources are free of that kind of bias
     

Here are two main library resources for news:

Newspaper Source Plus  Full text articles from more than 1,200 newspapers, as well as magazines, newswires, and TV and radio transcripts

 

The New York Times The library has a subscription to The New York Times website. Follow these steps to create an account and access content:

  1. Start here. You will be prompted to log into PortalGuard if you haven't done so already.
  2. Click the Login button at the top right of the homepage. This will take you to a page where you can create an account using your Arcadia email address and password. 
  3. You should then be able to log in to nytimes.com with those same credentials anytime, anywhere. 

     If you have any difficulty creating an account or accessing content on The New York Times website, please contact reference@arcadia.edu so we can help troubleshoot issues and get you connected to the news articles you want to see. (Clearing your browser's cache and browsing history for the last 24 hours often solves login/access problems).

To find out if the library has a subscription for a specific news source, such as a local paper, search for the name of the publication using the Find a Journal tool. The results will tell you if the library has a subscription, and how you can access it.

Please Share Your Thoughts

We want to make this research guide as useful as it can be! That's why we are asking you to share your feedback! Use this short form to tell us what you think and/or suggest content to include.


Journalistic Integrity

What Is Journalistic Integrity and Why Is It Important?

There are some dubious news organizations out there. There are also individuals and groups of people who intentionally spread misinformation, rumors, and outright lies, which is especially easy to do online.  That is why it is important to remember that there are many news organizations that practice with journalistic integrity - a code of ethics that is shared across the profession.

According to the Society of Professional Journalists Code of Ethics, some of those key ethical concepts include:

  • Seek truth and report it
    • Ethical journalism should be accurate and fair. Journalists should be honest and courageous in gathering, reporting and interpreting information.
  • Minimize harm
    • Ethical journalism treats sources, subjects, colleagues and members of the public as human beings deserving of respect.
  • Act independently
    • The highest and primary obligation of ethical journalism is to serve the public (not the government or corporations).
  • Be accountable and transparent
    • Ethical journalism means taking responsibility for one’s work and explaining one’s decisions to the public.
Journalism Ethics

Journalists practice ethics with good reporting practices, such as:

  • Providing accurate information that is verified before it is released.
  • Clearly identifying the sources of information.
  • Keeping sources anonymous only when they have information that cannot be obtained elsewhere and may face danger, retribution, or other harm for sharing.
  • Gathering, updating, and correcting information throughout the life of a news story. 
  • Acknowledging mistakes and correcting them promptly and prominently.

Different Types of News Items

News Item Definitions

Even within one news source, there are different types of items with different objectives and qualities. Within a single news story, factual reporting and opinion statements may exist side-by-side. A recent study from the Pew Research Center determined that while Americans can often distinguish a statement of fact from a statement of opinion, they also sometimes confuse the two. As you engage with the news, consider some common types of new stories:

"Straight news" stories are focused on reporting the facts of an event, without providing much analysis or opinion.

Opinion pieces are generally labeled with "opinion" or "op-ed." The author provides their opinion about and/or analysis of a topic or event.

Editorials are usually clearly labeled. They are generally authored by one or more members of a news outlet's editorial board, which generally operates independently of the newsroom, and does not necessarily represent the opinion of the organization as a whole.

Breaking news pieces, sometimes called developing stories, are usually "straight news" pieces. Since they are reported quickly, often while an event is still ongoing, they may not provide a fully detailed account of the event. As time passes, reporters are generally able to get a clearer picture of the event and verify details, so breaking news items are often updated and/or corrected. 

Investigative reporting generally takes place over time. Journalists cover a story carefully and in depth over a sustained period of time. Investigative reporting has led to landmark outcomes in American public life, such as the release of the Pentagon Papers or, more recently, the #metoo movement. 


Identifying Bias in News

How to Identify Bias in News

When identifying bias in a news item, it is helpful to consider what type of news item it is. Generally speaking, most news stories contain both factual reporting and some degree of analysis.

For news outlets that adhere to journalistic integrity standards, the facts should be verifiable. One way to verify facts is to compare them among a few different news sources. This is typically fairly quick and easy to accomplish.

Bias may be found in the analysis portions of a news story. Look for loaded language, tone, and value judgments. It's also useful to consider what points of view are covered and what perspectives may be missing.

It's important to remember that journalists are people, and that while they may strive to remain objective, their own biases or viewpoints may be present in their writing. It is also important to remember that the reputation of a news organization does not hang on a single news story. For example, the presence of a single biased opinion piece in a well-respected publication such as The New York Times or The Wall Street Journal does not render either publication totally biased and untrustworthy.

When thinking about the reputation of a news organization, it's useful to consider their track record for factual reporting alongside their  political leanings. If you want to get an overview of a new organization's reputation, look them up on mediabiasfactcheck.com. That website's staff reviews news stories produced by different organizations, looking at their track record for passing fact checks, using reliable sources, using biased wording and/or misleading headlines, what stories they choose to cover, and if they have a strong political affiliation. They then rate the organization for factuality, bias, and credibility, using a format that conveys that information clearly, so you can quickly and easily get an idea of a source's reputation. 


Distinguishing Fact from Opinion on TV News

Different Types of Television News Programs

When you turn on a nightly news program on a local station such as Philadelphia's 6abc or Fox29, you encounter a very different type of program than what you might see during prime time on a national cable network such as MSNBC or Fox News. Like different types of text-based news articles, different types of TV news programs have different goals and are intended for different primary audiences. While there are common elements among many different types of TV news, there are also qualities that differentiate types of programming. 

Let's consider a few different types of TV news programs.

Local Daily or Nightly News Programs

Local daily or nightly news programs typically deliver fact-based reporting alongside some commentary, analysis, or opinion. Generally there will be one or two anchors based in a news studio who deliver content and make transitions from the studio to correspondents at different locations, pre-recorded segments, or in-studio segment hosts. Typical segments in local daily news programs include things like top national and local headlines, traffic, and weather, and human interest stories. Local daily news programs also sometimes contain segments of sponsored content, which promote a business, product, or tourism, and are paid for by a company or organization.  In the Philadelphia area, two examples of local daily news programs are 6abc Action News and Fox 29 News.

National Broadcast News Programs

National broadcast news programs also typically offer primarily fact-based reporting alongside some analysis, commentary, and opinion. Like local news, national news shows typically have an anchor in the news studio who both delivers content and moderates the show as it moves between segments and correspondents. National news programs do not provide local content such as regular weather coverage. Some examples of national broadcast news programs include shows such as PBS NewsHour or ABC World News Tonight.

News Talk Shows

News talk shows tend to follow one of a few different formats. One characteristic that they have in common is that these types of shows are not focused on delivering fact-based reporting on the news of the day. Instead, these shows mostly provide analysis and commentary about the news, and generally contain a lot of opinion.

Pundit Talk Shows

Pundit shows usually feature one person, often seated at a desk in a news studio in the same manner as a typical broadcast news anchor. Instead of simply reporting news, the host provides analysis, commentary, and opinion. The host may also interview people or convene panels to discuss current events and issues that are in the news. Pundit shows can be very opinionated and can exhibit varying degrees of political bias, so it is important to distinguish them from shows that are focused on providing fact-based reporting on the news of the day. Examples of such shows can often be found during prime time on cable channels, such as Tucker Carlson Tonight on the Fox News Channel or The Rachel Maddow Show on MSNBC.

Panel Talk Shows 

Panel talk shows have more than one host sharing their commentary and opinion on current events and issues in the news. Guests may join them to add their voice to the discussion. There are a range of panel shows with different focuses. Some examples include morning talk shows such as ABC's Good Morning America, NBC's Today Show, and Fox News's Fox and Friends. Morning shows tend to have segments on current events, lifestyle, entertainment, and human interest stories. Other types of panel talk shows include shows such as ABC's The View, in which a group of women discuss the social and political issues, and ESPN's SportsCenter, in which a panel of hosts discuss the day's games and current topics in sports. 

Satire or Comedy Shows

Satire or comedy shows also provide analysis, commentary, and opinion on current events, and do so in a way that is meant to be entertaining, and often to poke fun at prominent people. They may use some of the conventions of a news show, such as having a host seated at a desk in a studio, much like an anchor. However, these shows generally do not provide original reporting. They may instead share information gathered by news organizations, alongside commentary, opinion, and jokes. Examples of this include satirical news programs such as The Daily Show on Comedy Central, as well as the monologue portion of late night shows such as The Late Show with Stephen Colbert or the "A Closer Look" segment of Late Night with Seth Myers. 

Satire and comedy news shows have evolved over the past decade or so, and now may occasionally include some content that blurs the lines of comedy and original reporting alongside their secondary information sharing and commentary. For example, The Daily Show correspondent Jordan Klepper's recent special, Jordan Klepper Solves Guns, involves journalistic elements such as embedding with a group for an extended interview and seeking multiple perspectives on a topic, but remains a comedy program. Similarly, Last Week Tonight with John Oliver generally does a good job of presenting the sources of the information they use in the program both in the narration and using graphics, but also sometimes orchestrates pranks that reveal new information, such as tricking local news programs to air a segment promoting a fake medical product in the May 2021 episode about sponsored content.

Infotainment

Often, talk shows can be considered infotainment - a format that combines information and entertainment. However, it is important to note that individual shows, regardless of type, may tend to combine information and entertainment in different amounts, even from episode to episode. As viewers, it's important to practice distinguishing elements of fact from elements of opinion when evaluating information and perspectives presented in news-oriented talk shows. 


Some Strategies to Verify Information Online

Quick Tips for Fact Checking

We have all seen something online and been unsure if we should believe it or not. We've also probably all shared inaccurate information, often unintentionally and without even knowing it! In order to feel more confident about what information to trust, it's useful to have some fact-checking techniques you can use when you want to verify information you see online. 

These techniques are adapted from the work of Mike Caulfield, a leading scholar in civic digital literacies and the Director of Blended and Networked Learning at Washington State University Vancouver.

Stop

Stop: This is a critical move! When a piece of information sparks a strong emotional response, either positive or negative, stop to think before you act on or share it. If something seems outlandish, or makes you angry, or seems too good to be true, you'll want to verify it.

Investigate the Source

Investigate the source: Where does the information come from? What kind of reputation does that source have? If it's a person or a media outlet, Google them and maybe check their Wikipedia page. What do others say about that source? Does it seem trustworthy or appear to have a track record of sharing misleading or false information?

Check Other Sources

Check other sources: Open another tab, do a quick Google search, and scan other sources to see what they are saying about the topic. Does it appear that there is a consensus among reputable sources that this information is accurate?

Videos and Images

Just like text, images and videos can be misleading or even completely false. If you find yourself unsure about an image, try a reverse Google image search to see if you can find the original source of the photo.

No such search currently exists for videos, but there are a few things you can do to consider a video's authenticity, as outlined in this guide from CNN, and summarized here.

  • Look for clues in people. Do their eyes appear to be blinking normally?  Does their speech sound normal, not slowed down or sped up? Do their words synch up with the way their mouth moves?
  • Does it look like the person is in the environment in the background, or does something seem off about the relationship between the person and their background?
  • Can you find the video in other sources? Do a keyword search for the person featured and the topic of the video. Can you find it in a reputable source, or better yet, more than one?
Second Opinion

When in doubt, it's best to get a second opinion. Simply reach out about the information you're trying to verify, and a librarian can help you!

Practice

Want to practice separating fact from fiction, use some of your fact checking skills, have some fun, and maybe learn something along the way? Try playing FakeOut, a game from CIVIX, an organization based in Canada and devoted to helping students improve their digital literacy.


The Filter Bubble and Algorithmic Bias

How Search Results Work

When you do a Google search, how are the search results ranked? You may have heard that the number of links to the page has something to do with it, or you may have noticed that Wikipedia seems to be at the top a lot. The truth is that there are a lot of factors at play in determining what you see in your search results. 

Google is a business. Their search results are their product. They make money by selling ads, which you see on the search results page and on the websites you visit. Google is really good at serving you search results that you are likely to click on. That is because your search results depend on a complex set of information about you, where you are, and what you tend to do online. When people talk about Google's algorithm, they're referring to this process of of sorting through information and serving you a personalized set of search results. 

Personalized algorithms also shape what you see in your social media feeds. For companies like Google and social media applications, their personalization algorithm is essential to their business model, so the details of that algorithm are kept secret. As a result, users may not know why they see some items and not others. 

There are benefits and drawbacks to the personalized algorithms. Regarding news sources, one potential drawback is that the algorithm is more likely to serve you news that aligns with your pre-existing viewpoints, potentially obscuring information or viewpoints that you might not agree with. Scholars are studying how this impacts people's attention to news stories and how it might impact levels of political polarization.

Contact The Library

Landman Library

  • Map icon450 S. Easton Road, Glenside, PA 19038
  • Phone icon215-572-2975
  • Email iconreference@arcadia.edu
  • Apply
  • Visit
  • Give
  • Careers
  • Apply
  • Visit
  • Give
  • Careers
  • 450 S. Easton Road

    Glenside, PA 19038

    Maps & Directions

  • 1-877-ARCADIA
    (1-877-272-2342)
  • EMERGENCY
  • NEWS
  • Student Resources
  • Events & Calendar
  • Offices & Facilities
  • Athletics
  • Canvas
  • Gmail
  • Self Service
  • IT Help Desk
  • Website Issue Form
  • INFO FOR
  • Alumni
  • Students
  • Faculty & Staff
  • Families
  • Press
  • Title IX

All contents ©2022 Arcadia University. All rights reserved.
  • Accessibility
  • Non-Discrimination Statement
  • Privacy Policy
MENU logo
  • Majors and Programs
    • Accelerated Law Programs, BA to JD
      • Six Year (3+3) Program
      • Seven Year (4+3) Program
      • Admissions Requirements
      • Faculty
    • Accounting Major
      • Minor
      • Activities and Professional Experiences
      • Faculty
    • Acting Major
      • Musical Theater Concentration
      • Audition for Acting/Musical Theater
      • Faculty
    • Actuarial Science Major
      • Faculty
    • Agribusiness Minor
    • Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), Online MEd
      • Careers
      • Curriculum
      • Admission
      • Tuition
      • FAQ
      • BACB Credential
    • Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), Online Graduate Certificate
      • Careers
      • Curriculum
      • Admission
      • Tuition
      • FAQ
    • Applied Behavior Analysis Early Entry Master’s Program
    • Art Education, PK-12 Certification
      • Faculty
    • Art Major
    • Art Education, MEd
      • Faculty
    • Art History Major
      • Minor
      • Course of Study
      • Faculty
    • Arts Entrepreneurship and Curatorial Studies Minor
      • Apprenticeships
      • Faculty
    • Art Therapy Major
      • Course of Study
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • Autism, Online Graduate Certificate
      • Careers
      • Curriculum
      • Admission
      • Tuition
      • FAQ
    • Bioinformatics Minor
      • Faculty
    • Biology Education Certification
      • Faculty
    • Peace Corps Prep Certificate
      • Apply
    • Biology Major
      • Minor
      • Course of Study
      • Faculty
    • Business Administration Major
      • Minor
      • Activities and Professional Experiences
      • Business Administration Faculty
    • Chemistry Education Certification
      • Faculty
    • Chemistry Major
      • Minor
      • Course of Study
      • Faculty
    • Cinema Studies Minor
    • Computing Technology Major
      • Faculty
    • Counseling, MAC
      • Concentrations
      • Advanced Study and Early Entry Options
      • Practicum and Internship
      • Admission
      • Awards
      • Program Documents and Outcomes
      • Admissions and Licensure Data
      • Faculty
    • Child and Family Therapy Concentration and Certificate
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • Trauma Concentration and Certificate
      • Requirements
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • Counseling, MA and Public Health, MPH 
      • Course of Study
      • Objectives
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • Computer Science Major
      • Minor
      • Career and Internship Outcomes
      • Research Opportunities
      • Faculty
    • Creative Writing, MFA
      • Course of Study
      • Published Alumni
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • Criminology and Criminal Justice Major
      • Minor
      • Research and Internships
      • Graduate Outcomes
      • Faculty
    • Cultural Anthropology Major
      • Minor
      • Research and Internships
      • Graduate Outcomes
      • Faculty
    • Data Analytics Minor
      • Faculty
    • Data Science Major
      • Faculty
    • Physical Therapy, DPT Hybrid
      • Curriculum
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • Dual Degree Master’s Program: Creative Writing and English
      • Course of Study
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • Early Childhood Education, MEd
      • Faculty
    • Economics Minor
    • Early Entry Education Master’s Program
      • Faculty
    • Education Minor
      • Faculty
    • Education Studies Major
      • Faculty
    • Educational Leadership Certificate
      • Faculty
    • Educational Leadership, EdD
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • Educational Leadership, MEd
      • Course of Study
      • Faculty
    • Engineering, Combined Program
      • Course of Study
      • Faculty
    • English Education Certification
      • Faculty
    • English Education, MAEd
      • Faculty
    • English Major
      • Minors
      • Concentration
      • Course of Study
      • Faculty
    • English, MA
      • Opportunities
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • ESL Program Certificate
      • Faculty
    • ESL Program Specialist PK-12 Certification
      • Faculty
    • Forensic Investigations Minor
      • Faculty
    • Forensic Science, MS
      • Course of Study
      • Research and Facilities
      • Admission Requirements
      • Frequently Asked Questions
      • Faculty
    • French and Francophone Studies Major
      • Minor
      • Course of Study
        • Faculty
      • Study Abroad
      • Faculty
    • Gender and Sexuality Studies Minor
      • Faculty
    • General Science Education Certification
      • Faculty
    • Global Media Major
      • Course of Study
      • Study Abroad
      • Faculty
    • Healthcare Administration Major
      • Minor
      • Faculty
    • Healthcare Management and Leadership Certificate
      • Requirements
      • Schedule
      • Admission
      • Expenses
      • Faculty
    • History Education, MAEd
      • Faculty
    • History Major
      • Minor
      • Faculty
    • Infant Toddler Mental Health, Online Graduate Certificate
      • Careers
      • Curriculum
      • Admission
      • Tuition
      • FAQ
    • International Business and Culture Major
      • Study Abroad
      • Faculty
    • International Studies Major
      • Minor
      • Study Abroad
      • Faculty
    • International Peace and Conflict Resolution, MA and International Relations and Diplomacy, MA
      • Admission Requirements
      • Program Goals
      • Tuition and Expenses
      • Faculty
    • Italian Cultural Studies Major
      • Minor
      • Course of Study
      • Study Abroad
      • Faculty
    • Jewish Studies Minor
    • Law and Public Policy Minor
      • Faculty
    • Literacy Instruction Certificate
      • Faculty
    • Literacy Studies: TESOL and Reading, MEd
      • Faculty
    • Marketing Minor
    • International Peace and Conflict Resolution, MA
      • Program Features
      • Program Requirements
      • Student Experiences
      • Conflict Resolution Careers and Paths
      • Meet Us
      • Admission Requirements
      • IPCR Student Internships
      • International Experience Opportunities
      • IPCR Alumni Employers
      • Faculty
    • Counseling, MA and International Peace and Conflict Resolution, MA
      • Course of Study
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • Master of Public Health
      • Research
      • Accreditation and Competencies
      • Admissions
      • Faculty
    • International Peace and Conflict Resolution, MA and Public Health, MPH
      • Course of Study
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • Public Health, MPH and Physician Assistant, MMS
      • Course of Study
      • Admissions
      • Faculty
    • Physical Therapy, DPT and Public Health, MPH
      • Course of Study
      • Admissions
      • Faculty
    • Mathematics Education Certification
      • Faculty
    • Mathematics Major
      • Minor
      • Career and Internship Outcomes
      • Faculty
    • Media and Communication Major
      • Minor
      • Course of Study
      • Faculty
    • Modular Master’s in Education
      • Faculty
    • Music Minor
      • Ensembles
      • Faculty
    • Neuroscience Minor
      • Faculty
    • Orthopaedic Residency and Musculoskeletal Certificate
      • Requirements
      • Schedule
      • Apply
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • PA Director Credential
      • Faculty
    • Pan African Studies Minor
      • Pan African Studies Collective
    • Movement Science, PhD
      • Requirements
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • Pharmacy, Combined Program
    • Philosophy Major
      • Minor
      • Faculty
    • Physical Therapy DPT On-Campus
      • Requirements
      • Curriculum
      • Clinical Education
      • Experiential Learning
      • Facilities
      • Admission
      • Outcomes
      • Faculty
    • Physician Assistant, MMS
      • Program Goals
      • New Students
      • Policies and Procedures
      • Technical Standards
      • Becoming a Clinical Preceptor
      • Alumni and Credentialing
      • Global Programs
      • Admission
      • Clearance Requirements
      • Faculty
    • Physics Minor
      • Faculty
    • Politics, Government, and Law Major
      • Minors
      • Course of Study
      • Concentrations
      • Study Abroad
      • Faculty
    • Pre-Forensic Science
      • Faculty
    • Pre-International Peace and Conflict Resolution
      • 4+1.5 Program
      • 3+1.5 Program
      • Faculty
    • PreK-4 Education Certification
      • Faculty
    • PreK-4 Education Major: Online Program
      • Inquiry Form
      • Faculty
    • PreK-4 Education Major
      • Faculty
    • Pre-Medical
    • Pre-Nursing
      • Course of Study
    • Pre-Physician Assistant
      • Admission Requirements
    • Pre-Physical Therapy
      • Requirements
      • Apply
    • Pre-Physical Therapy Accelerated
      • Admission
    • Principal PK-12 Certification
      • Faculty
    • Psychology Major
      • Course of Study
      • Research and Facilities
      • Faculty
    • Public Health Major
      • Minor
      • Course of Study
      • Faculty
    • Health Professions Post-Baccalaureate Certificate
    • Reading Specialist, PK-12 Certification
      • Faculty
    • Reading Education, MEd
      • Faculty
    • Religious Studies Minor
      • Course of Study
      • Faculty
    • Scientific Illustration Major
      • Minor
      • Course of Study
      • Faculty
    • Secondary Education, MEd
      • Faculty
    • Social Studies Education Certification
      • Faculty
    • Spanish Cultural Studies Major
      • Course of Study
      • Study Abroad
      • Faculty
    • Spanish Major
      • Minor
      • Course of Study
      • Faculty
    • Equity, Inclusion and Opportunity in Special Education, MEd
      • Faculty
    • Special Education PK-12 Certification
      • Faculty
    • TEFL: Teaching English Abroad
      • Faculty
    • Sport Management Major
      • Minor
      • Faculty
    • STEM Education Certificate
      • Faculty
    • Optometry, Combined Program
    • Sciences Post-Baccalaureate Certificate
    • Pre-Occupational Therapy
    • International Relations and Diplomacy, MA
    • Endorsement in STEM
      • Faculty
    • Integrative STEM Education, MEd
      • Faculty
    • Studio Art Major
      • Minor
      • Course of Study
      • Admission
      • Faculty
    • Sociology Major
      • Research and Internships
      • Graduate Outcomes
      • Faculty
    • Sports Physical Therapy Residency
      • Admission
      • Requirements
      • Faculty
    • Statistics Minor
      • Faculty
    • Supervisor of Curriculum and Instruction Certification
      • Faculty
    • Superintendent’s Letter of Eligibility Certification
      • Faculty
    • Supervisor of Pupil Personnel Services Certification
      • Faculty
    • Supervisor of Special Education Certification
      • Faculty
    • Teacher Certification Programs for Non-Education Majors
    • Theater Arts Major
      • Theater Arts Minor
      • Faculty
    • Physical Therapy, Transitional DPT
      • Requirements
      • Schedule
      • Admission
      • Expenses
      • FAQS
      • Faculty
    • World Cinema Minor
    • Undeclared Major
  • Academics
    • Colleges and Schools
      • College of Arts and Sciences
        • Biology
        • Chemistry and Physics
        • Computer Science and Mathematics
          • Science DMZ
          • Conference on Computability and Complexity in Analysis 2022
        • English
        • Media and Communication
        • Modern Languages and Cultures
        • Psychology Department
        • Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminal Justice
        • Visual and Performing Arts
      • College of Health Sciences
        • Addressing Health Inequities
        • Research and Scholarly Innovation
        • Interprofessional Education
        • Medical Science
        • Physical Therapy
          • Physical Therapy Continuing Education Courses
          • Running Injury Clinic
          • Shoulder Research Center
            • Questionnaire for Shoulder Research
          • Dan Aaron Stay Fit Exercise Program
          • Pro Bono Clinic
        • Public Health Department
          • Internships
        • Campuses for College of Health Sciences
      • School of Education
        • Teacher Certification Information
          • Undergraduate Certification Program Requirements
            • TIMS Application Process
            • Fieldwork Stages in Undergraduate Certification Programs
          • Post Baccalaureate (Graduate) Certification
        • Admission Requirements
        • Tuition and Fees
        • Background Checks
        • Summer Programs
        • Act 48 and Act 45
        • PA Licensure Requirements for Behavior Specialists
        • AIM Institute for Learning and Research Partnership
        • Philadelphia Regional Noyce Partnership Teacher Scholarship
        • USTRIVE
        • Arcadia Community Learning Center
        • Blankley Endowed Chair
        • Social Action and Justice Education Fellowship Program
      • School of Global Business
        • Business Code of Professionalism and Ethics
        • Accreditation
        • ACBSP Reporting
        • Learning Outcomes
    • Teaching and Learning
      • Arcadia Undergraduate Curriculum
        • Intellectual Practices
        • Integrative Learning Experiences
          • Global Connections
          • University Seminars
          • Senior Capstone Project
        • Areas of Inquiry
        • General Curriculum Requirements
        • Curriculum Requirements for Transfer Students
      • Center for Teaching, Learning, and Mentoring
      • Center for Antiracist Scholarship, Advocacy, and Action (CASAA)
        • CASAA Advisory Councils
        • CASAA Microgrants Program
        • CASAA Events and Programming
    • Resources
      • Tutoring
      • Writing Center
      • Disability Support Services
        • Admissions Process for Students with Disabilities
        • How to Register with Disability Support Services
        • Disability Documentation Guidelines for Accommodation Requests
        • Disability Services and Accommodations
          • Mask Mandate Accommodations
          • Audio Recording for Lectures
          • Attendance Modifications
          • Priority Registration
          • Course Substitution
        • Testing Accommodations
        • DSS Resources for COVID-19 Online Learning
        • Disability Support Resources for Faculty and Staff
          • Syllabus Statement
          • Disability FAQs
          • Disability Etiquette Tips
          • Advising Students with Disabilities
          • Creating Accessible Online Course Content
          • Instructing Students with Asperger Syndrome
          • Working with Hearing Impaired or Deaf Students
          • Working with Visually Impaired or Blind Students
      • English Language Support
      • Gateway to Success
        • About the Gateway to Success
        • Gateway Summer Bridge
      • Honors Program
        • Committees, Events, and Initiatives
        • Signature Classes
        • Requirements and Admission
        • Message from Honors Program Director
        • Proud Moments
        • HeartFelt Connections
        • Compass
        • The Hive
      • Division of Student Success
        • Meet Our Staff
        • Gainful Employment Disclosure
        • Professional Advising Staff
      • Academic Calendars
        • Academic Calendar 2020-21
        • Academic Calendar 2021-22
        • Academic Calendar 2022-23
        • Academic Calendar 2023-24
      • Registrar
        • Forms
        • Graduate Forms
        • Course Listings
        • Registration
          • Undergraduate Registration Instructions
          • Graduate Registration Instructions
          • Online Registration Instructions
        • Final Exam Schedule
        • University Catalogs
          • Undergraduate Academic Catalog
          • Graduate Academic Catalog
        • Undergraduate Academic Policies
          • Course Registration Policies
          • General Policies
          • Sixth Week Evaluations
        • Graduate Academic Policies
          • Graduate Course Registration and Enrollment Policies
          • Graduate General Policies
          • Credit Hour Policy
        • Privacy and Accuracy
        • Using a Chosen First Name at Arcadia
        • Transcript Requests
        • Credit for Prior Learning
        • Community Scholars
    • Undergraduate Advising
    • Career Education
    • Landman Library
      • Databases and Online Resources
      • Services
        • Books2Go
        • YOURLibrarian@Arcadia
        • Information Literacy
        • Scholarly Communication
          • ScholarWorks
          • Open Access
          • For Authors
          • Scholarly Communication Crisis
        • Support for Faculty
        • Research Consultations
        • EBooks, Streaming Media, and Online Resources
        • Interlibrary Loans
        • Board Games
      • Guides
        • Subject Guides
          • Actuarial Science
          • Business
          • Healthcare Administration
          • English 101
          • English
          • Media and Communication
          • Philosophy and Religion
          • Religion and Science
          • Applied Behavior Analysis
          • Education
          • Math Education
          • School Law
          • Science Education
          • Social Studies Education
          • Special Education
          • Biology
          • Chemistry
          • Computer Science
          • Ecology and Environmental Science
          • Forensic Science
          • Human Anatomy
          • Mathematics
          • Physics
          • Formal and General Sciences Visual Tools
          • Health Education
          • Healthcare Management and Leadership
          • Physical Therapy
          • Physician Assistant
          • Public Health
          • History, International Studies, Political Science
          • International Peace and Conflict Resolution
          • Modern Languages
          • Psychology
          • Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminal Justice
          • Art and Design
          • Music
          • Theater Arts
        • Research
          • Hybrid Students
          • Getting Started with a Research Project
          • Finding Sources
          • News Research Guide
          • Library Search Help
          • EndNote Web
          • Obtaining Full-Text
          • Zotero
          • Citation Styles
      • Community Guides
      • Racial Justice Virtual Book Display
      • Policies
      • Library Access and Visitor’s Policy
      • Landman Library Circulation Policies
      • Collection Development Policy
      • Archives and Special Collections
      • Library Faculty and Staff Directory
      • Library Support for Teaching, Learning, and Research
    • Summer Sessions
  • Admissions
    • Undergraduate Admissions
      • Special Admission Programs
      • Dual Enrollment
      • College Prep 101
      • Explore
      • Apply
        • Admission Policies
        • International Admissions
      • Transfer
    • Graduate Admissions
      • How to Apply
      • Admitted Graduate Students
    • Visit, Events, and Tours
    • Tuition and Financing
      • Net Price Calculator
      • Aid for Undergraduates
      • Financial Aid Forms
      • Tuition and Fees for Undergraduate Students
      • Tuition and Fees for Graduate Students
      • Veteran’s Benefits
      • Financing Options
      • Federal Direct Loan
      • Federal Direct Parent PLUS Loan
      • Federal TEACH Grant
      • Financial Aid Policies
      • Satisfactory Academic Progress Policy
      • Satisfactory Academic Progress Policy for Graduate Students
      • Summer Financial Aid
      • CARES Act
    • Admitted Students
      • Next Steps for New Students
        • Spring Orientation
        • Fall Orientation
          • Summer Welcome Day – outside 250 miles
          • Get Ready for your Summer Welcome Day!
      • Admitted Student Events
  • HomeArcadia University Logo
  • Life at Arcadia
    • Get Involved
      • Events and Traditions
        • Commencement
        • Homecoming and Family Weekend
        • Honors Convocation
          • Honors Convocation 2020
          • Honors Convocation 2021
          • Honors Convocation 2022
      • Arts at Arcadia
        • Arcadia University Theater
      • Civic and Global Engagement
        • Study Abroad
          • First-Year Study Abroad Experience
          • Second-Year Study Abroad Experience
          • Study Abroad Mentor Program
          • Decades in Study Abroad
        • Global Field Study
        • International Student and Scholar Services
          • Next Steps for New International Students
          • Resources for International Students
          • Meet Our IPALs
        • Arcadia Votes
        • Community-Based Work-Study
        • Next Steps AmeriCorps Program
        • Civic Scholars
      • Late Knight Programming
      • AU LEAD
    • Athletics and Recreation
    • Living and Commuting
      • Housing Rates and Options
        • Accommodation Requests
      • Dining
        • Catering
        • Meal Plans
      • Commuter Life
        • Off-Campus Housing
      • Transportation
      • Public Safety
        • Parking on Campus
        • Emergency Communications
        • Annual Security Report
        • Crime Statistics
        • Fire Policies
        • Reporting Missing Persons
        • Timely Warnings and Emergency Notifications
        • Campus Security Authority Incident Report Form
        • Evacuation Procedures
    • Diversity and Inclusion
      • AEDI Liaisons
      • Combating Anti-Black Racism
      • LGBTQIA+ Resources
      • Religious Holidays
      • Equity and Civil Rights, Title IX
        • Reporting an Incident of Sexual Misconduct, Sexual Harassment, Discrimination, Harassment, or Bias
        • Office of Equity and Civil Rights Policies
        • Sexual Misconduct Resources
        • Discrimination, Harassment, and Bias Incident Resources
        • Title IX
        • Pregnancy and Parenting Students, Faculty, and Staff
      • Sexual and Gender-Based Violence Prevention and Education
    • Campus Life Resources
      • Office of Student Accounts
        • Payments and Billing
        • KnightCard
        • Student Refunds
        • Student Withdrawals
        • Education Tax Credits
        • 1098T FAQs
        • Business Forms for Students
      • Health and Wellness
        • Student Health Services
          • Health Insurance Policy
          • Health Record Forms
            • Health Forms and Instructions for Graduate Students
          • Patient Privacy Practices
          • Resources
          • Health Records Release
        • Counseling Services
          • Counseling Services Resources
          • How to Help A Friend
          • Support for First Year Students
          • Alcohol and Other Drug Program
          • Counseling Services Referral List
          • Relaxation Room
          • Internship Opportunities
          • Students In Crisis vs. Experiencing Distress
          • How to Deal with Grief
      • Templeton Campus Store
      • Information Technology
        • Employee IT Information
        • Student IT Information
          • Computer Recommendations
          • PortalGuard
          • Network Access
          • Course Support Tools
          • Student Technology Checklist
        • Scheduled System Maintenance
        • Information Technology & Campus Service Level Agreements
      • Community Standards and Student Conduct
        • AU CARE Team
        • Report an Incident or Concern
      • Student Handbook
        • Academic Guide for Graduate Students
        • Academic Guide for Undergraduate Students
        • Student Services and Facilities
        • Student Government Organization and Student Organizations
          • Fundraising Authorization Form
        • University Regulations and Policies
        • Residence and Commuter Life Policies and Procedures
        • For Your Information
    • New Student Experience
      • First-Year Seminars
      • Common Read
      • Preview for First-Year and Transfer Students
        • Preview Photo and Video Contest
      • Arcadia START
    • Because Arcadia Blog
      • Because Arcadia
      • Because Arcadia Bloggers
  • Study Abroad
    • Study Abroad
    • Decades in Study Abroad
    • Preview the World
    • Students from Another University
  • About Arcadia
    • Arcadia Advantage
    • History
      • Grey Towers Castle
      • Beaver College to Arcadia University
    • Leadership
      • Board of Trustees
      • Office of the President
        • Biography
        • President’s Cabinet
          • Data Governance
        • Presidential Communications
        • Initiatives
          • The Dr. Finbarr O’Connor Prize for Shifting the Paradigm
        • Inauguration
      • Office of the Provost
        • Faculty Awards
        • Academic Assessment
        • Faculty Senate
          • Committees
        • Collective Bargaining Agreement
      • Adaptive Strategy
        • Arcadia2025 Adaptive Strategy
    • Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion
      • Accessibility at Arcadia
    • Rankings and Outcomes
    • Community and Local Connections
    • Campus Map and Directions
    • Offices, Facilities, and Services
      • Alumni Engagement
        • Connect
          • Alumni Benefits and Services
          • Blankley Alumni House
          • Social Media
        • Events
          • Professional Development
        • Give
          • Annual Giving
            • The Jones Poundstone Society
          • Planned Giving
          • Reunion Giving
          • Endowed Scholarships
        • Volunteer
          • Advisory Council
          • Affinity Networks
            • Arcadia Alumni Business Network
            • The Black Alumni Association of Arcadia University
            • The Hispanic/Latinx Alumni Association
            • Physical Therapy Alumni Association
          • Reunion and Class Volunteers
        • Students and Recent Graduates
          • Student Ambassadors
          • Student Engagement
          • Recent Graduates
        • Class Reunions
        • Alumni Pride
          • Alumni Awards
          • 40 Under 40
          • Knights of the Round Table
      • Event and Space Relations
        • A Grey Towers Castle Wedding
        • Book an Event at Arcadia
      • Facilities Management
        • Commons
        • Kuch Recreation and Athletic Center
      • Finance and Administrative Services
      • General Counsel
        • Attorney-Client Privilege
        • Campus Conduct Reporting Hotline
        • Compliance Matrix
        • Contracts
        • Privacy
        • Lawsuits and Subpoenas
        • University Policies
          • Policy Library
            • Cost Transfer Policy
            • Davis-Bacon Act Compliance Policy
            • Distinguishing Gifts from Sponsored Awards Policy
            • Identification and Management of Sponsored Awards Policy
            • Effort Certification Policy
            • Facilities and Administrative Cost Recovery and Distribution
            • Financial Conflict of Interest Policy
            • Institutional Policy on Research Misconduct
            • Principal Investigator Eligibility and Assurances Policy
            • Review and Approval of Sponsored Projects Documents
            • Survey Policy
            • Grievance Policy
            • Hiring and Background Check Policy
            • Performance Improvement Plan Policy
            • Progressive Discipline Policy
            • Policy on Consensual Relationships
            • Policy on Dependents and Companions on University Programs
            • Anti-Hazing Policy
            • Animals on Campus
            • Conflict of Interest Policy for Faculty, Staff, Independent Contractors, and Volunteers
            • Conflict of Interest Policy for Trustees and Senior Administrators
            • Export Control Policy
            • Disability Support Services Policy for Students
            • Direct Threat Assessment Policy
            • FERPA Compliance Policy
            • Litigation Policy
            • Mandatory Reporting of Suspected Child Abuse and Protection of Minors Policy
            • Non-Discrimination and Non-Harassment Policy (Legacy)
            • Privacy Policy
            • Non-Discrimination and Non-Harassment Policy
            • Notice of Privacy Policy
            • Policy Prohibiting Sexual Misconduct, Relationship Violence and Stalking (Legacy)
            • Legacy Procedures for Resolution of Complaints of Sexual Misconduct, Relationship Violence and Stalking
            • Policy Prohibiting Sexual Harassment and Sexual Misconduct
            • Post-Issuance Compliance Policy for Obligations
            • Post-Issuance Compliance Policy for Obligations to Rule 15c2-12 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
            • Whistleblower Policy
            • Posting Policy
            • Alternative Work Assignments Policy
            • Electronic Funds/Wire Transfer Policy
            • Naming Opportunities Policy
            • Gift Acceptance Policy
            • Investment Policy
            • Policy on Internal Revenue Service Tax Forms 990 and 990-T
            • Disability Support Services Policy for Employees and Applicants
            • Competitive Bidding Policy
            • Request for Proposal (RFP) Policy
            • University Bank Accounts
            • Acceptable Use Policy
            • Data Governance
            • Information Technology Policy (Interim)
            • Contract Review and Approval Policy
            • Contract Signing Authority Policy
            • Dissent and Demonstrations Policy
            • Essential Personnel Policy
            • Immigration Support for Faculty and Staff Policy
            • Independent Contractor/Employee Classification Policy
            • International Travel Policy
            • Policy on University Policy Development
            • Interim COVID-19 Vaccination Policy
            • Vehicle Use Policy
            • Student Immunization Policy
            • Smoking Policy
            • Weapons Free Campus Policy
            • Emeritus Trustee Policy
            • Trustee Background Check Policy
            • Direct Threat Procedure
            • Disability Support Services Procedure for Students
            • Contract Review and Approval Procedure
            • Presidential Performance Evaluation Policy
            • Information Technology (IT) Policy on Computing Resources, Privacy, and Copyright
            • Policy Index
            • Subrecipient Determination and Monitoring on Sponsored Awards
            • Allowable Costs for Sponsored Research and Programs Policy
          • Policies Under Review
          • Policy Development Procedure
        • Marks, Names, and Logos
      • Human Resources
      • Institutional Research and Effectiveness
        • Course Evaluations
        • Assessment Resources
        • Survey Request Form
        • Data Request Form
        • External Reporting
        • Institutional Data, Surveys and Studies
      • Marketing and Communications
        • Request a Project
        • Event Planning and Publicity
        • Website
        • Marketing Division
        • News and Media Relations
        • Brand Tools and Logos
      • Mail and Print Services
        • Student Printing Services
        • Poster Printing Request Form
      • Sponsored Research and Programs
        • Grant Policies and Procedures
        • Proposal Routing and Submission
        • Committee on the Protection of Research Subjects (COPRS)
          • Institutional Review Board (IRB)
          • Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)
      • Student Affairs
        • Civility on Campus
        • Parents and Families
        • Student Emergency Fund
      • Knights for Nutrition Food Pantry
    • Healthy Knights
      • COVID-19
        • COVID-19 Dashboard
        • Self-Disclosure
      • Pox-Virus
  • Faculty

Cookies & Privacy

 

Our website uses cookies to understand how you navigate our content and to give you the best browsing experience.

Please read our Data Protection & Use Notification to learn more.

Arcadia University
Powered by  GDPR Cookie Compliance
Privacy Overview

This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognizing you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.

Strictly Necessary Cookies

Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings.

If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. This means that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or disable cookies again.